Junior WAEC 2025 Questions Agricultural Science [Revealed!]

This is for BECE Candidates looking for Junior WAEC 2025 Questions and Answers Agricultural Science. The Agricultural Science paper is compulsory for all candidates regardless of their school. So, here you will get genuine Junior WAEC 2025 Questions and Answers for Agricultural Science. Your duty now is to read through them as many times as possible and get ready to smash your forthcoming paper. Remember to use the comments sections if you have questions, and don’t forget to join our Free Online Tutorial Classes on Facebook. (Like and Follow Page)

What are Junior WAEC 2025 Questions and Answers Agricultural Science?

Junior WAEC 2025 Questions and Answers Agricultural Science are the questions you should expect in your Agricultural Science paper in 2025 BECE, together with their answers.

It is very important that every candidate preparing to sit for Agricultural Science in the forthcoming 2025 BECE examination should catch a glimpse of these questions.

In so doing, they will know what to expect in the exam hall. Knowing exactly what to expect will boost their confidence and guarantee them a very high score.

Junior WAEC 2025 Agricultural Science Questions and Answers Revealed!

On this page, we shall reveal Junior WAEC 2025 Questions and Answers for all candidates taking the Agricultural Science paper.

How lucky you are to stumble upon this important page!

The questions are genuine and the answers are accurate, and all are a product of our burning passion to see you excel in your BECE and proceed to Senior Secondary School.

In the following sections, you will read the Agricultural Science questions you are to expect in your 2025 Junior WAEC exam as well as their answers. You can use the comments section if you still need clarification over some of the questions. We will give you a more detailed explanation.

BECE is a very serious and important examination. You will answer 60 questions in BECE Agricultural Science 2025 within 2 hours. So it’s important that you pay attention to the information revealed on this page.

Junior WAEC 2025 Questions and Answers Agricultural Science [Numbers 1 – 10]

1. The size of each soil particle is known as its
A. texture       B. structure
C. profile        D. consistency

2. Tikka is a fungal disease of
A. cocoa        B. maize
C. cotton       D. groundnut

3. A farmer who produces just enough crops and animals for himself and family is known as a farmer
A. substances       B. subsistence
C. commercial      D. extension

4. The relative proportion of the various sizes of mineral particles, present in a sample of soil refers to soil
A. profile        B. structure
C. texture       D. temperature

5. The implement attached to the tractor (all purpose) for slashing and cutting grasses in fields is known as
A. plough        B. combine
C. mower        D. harrow

6. The reproductive part of a plant is
A. leaf            B. stem
C. flower        D. root

7. The removal of excess water from farmland so as to eliminate water-logging which does not favour crop growth and production is known as
A. irrigation        B. transpiration
C. drainage         D. soilage

8. The first operation of a tractor in land preparation for farming is
A. harrowing        B. mowing
C. ridging             D. ploughing

9. Which of these crop plants is propagated by means of rhizome?
A. Yam            C. Pineapple
B. Onion         D. Ginger

10. The process whereby rocks are broken down into small particles, through both physical and chemical factor is rock
A. weathering       B. sedimentation
C. reaction            D. production

Answers to Question Number 1 – 10

1.A     2.D     3.B     4.C     5.C     6.C     7.C     8.D     9.D     10.A

Junior WAEC 2025 Questions and Answers Agricultural Science [Numbers 11 – 20]

11. The name of the hand tool used for cutting small branches, flowers and shrubs is called
A. pliers           B. secateurs
C. pincers        D. scissors

12. An example of a corm in these crop plants is
A. onion           B. cocoyam
C. cassava        D. sugar cane

13. The soil type which has very small air spaces and feels sticky when wet, is called soil
A. sandy          B. loamy
C. clayey          D. complete

14. The simple farm tool used to supply water to crops and vegetables during dry periods is known as
A. shower       B. watering can
C. tanker         D. shovel

15. The removal of excess crop plant from the farm is known as
A. crop spacing
B. Crop improvement
C. Thinning
D. Weeding

16. The act of giving birth to young ones in animals is called
A. lactation          B. gestation
C. ovulation         D. parturition

17. To prevent rust and friction in the metal parts of farm machines, the best thing to do is
A. replacement      B. sharpening
C. tightening         D. lubrication

18. Which of the following annual crop need more water
A. Maize               B. Millet
C. Groundnut       D. Guinea corn

19. The keeping of pigs is NOT common in the Northern Nigeria because of
A. prestige          B. religion
C. poverty           D. disease

20. ONE of these is a simple maintenance operation farm tools on
A. Storage after use
B. Lend to friends
C. No record inventory
D. Discard spoiled parts

Answers to Question Number 11 – 20

11.B     12.B     13.C     14.B     15.C     16.D     17.D     18.A     19.B     20.A

Junior WAEC 2025 Questions and Answers Agricultural Science [Numbers 21 – 30]

21. Which of the following methods can best be used for storage of maize?
A. Barn              B. Silo
C. Canning        D. Basket

22. The animals which are kept under the control and care of the farmer are called _______ animals
A. home         B. bush
C. farm           D. meat

23. The modern machine used for felling, cutting and slicing big forest trees is
A. lifter              B. axe
C. dolmer          D. matchet

24. A loan obtained from Government or Commercial bank to develop agriculture, is known as agricultural
A. discount        B. account
C. credit             D. balance

25. Which of the following animals has more than one stomach?
A. Pig           C. Rabbit
B. Goat         D. Hen

26. The following facilities are required to prove the presence of air in the soil EXCEPT
A. measuring cylinder
B. dry soil
C. water
D. thermometer

27. The objective of hay making is to
A. reduce moisture in green forage
B. ferment product of forage crops
C. pack the chopped grass silo
D. exclude air by pressing firmly

28. What is observed in a simple laboratory showing presence of air in the soil is the
A. rubbles          B. bubbles
C. troubles         D. bundles

29. The term vegetation is a general term, which covers all forms of
A. Plants, large or small trees or grasses
B. Arables plants only
C. Living things
D. Leaves always appear green

30. Good silage should have ONE of the following qualities
A. Dark blue colour
B. Unpleasant aroma
C. An acid taste
D. Mould growth

Answers to Question Number 21 – 30

21.B     22.C     23.B     24.C     25.B     26.D     27.A     28.B     29.A     30.A

Junior WAEC 2025 Questions and Answers Agricultural Science [Numbers 31 – 40]

31. The soil nutrients can be lost through the following processes EXCEPT
A. leaching        B. burning
C. erosion         D. manuring

32. The forest trees whose leaves fall off in dry seasons only are known as _______ trees.
A. orchard          B. biennial
C. deciduous      D. evergreen

33. The management system which allows the animals to move from place to place, is called system
A. extensive       B. semi-extensive
C. intensive        D. semi-intensive

34. The composition of soil include EXCEPT the following
A. organic matter and water
B. Inorganic/mineral matter
C. Living organism and air
D. Larva and magma

35. Which of the following is particularly a soil-loving crop?
A. Oil palm        B. Cassava
C. Tobacco         D. Yam

36. The root-knot disease in many plants is generally caused by
A. nematode     B. bacteria
C. fungi             D. malnutrition

37. The loose and unconsolidated top part of the earth on which plants grow, is known as the
A. debris       B. parent material
C. soil           D. manure

38. The practise of cultivating one type of crop on a farm is known as
A. intercropping       B. interplanting
C. monocropping     D. mixed cropping

39. Which of the following is an effect of weed on crop growth?
A. Compete with crops for nutrient
B. Increase yield of crops
C. Harbour insects and pests that nourish crops
D. Increase the quality of crops

40. The base and foundation of agriculture is
A. rock        B. soil
C. water      D. organic matter

Answers to Question Number 31 – 40

31.D     32.C     33.A     34.D     35.B     36.A     37.C     38.C     39.A     40.B

Junior WAEC 2025 Questions and Answers Agricultural Science [Numbers 41 – 50]

41. The establishment of forest by growing tree seedlings is known as
A. deforestation
B. Regeneration
C. Afforestation
D. Selective exploration

42. Selective herbicides are chemicals which kill
A. All the vegetation where they are applied.
B. Only specific weeds and not crop plants
C. The weed seeds leaving the leaves
D. The leaves and not the weed seeds

43. The system of planting different crops on piece of land, year after year, in a definite cycle is known as
A. crop rotation
B. land rotation
C. continuous cropping
D. mixed cropping

44. which of the following is NOT among the benefits obtained from forest?
A. Provision of timber
B. Provision of fuel material
C. Provision of medicinal product
D. Mechanized agriculture is made easy later

45. This statement: “Weeds can produce a large number of seeds”, is a/an
A. characteristic of weed
B. effect competition of weed
C. method of controlling weeds
D. Definition of weed

46. A place where only fruit trees are cultivated is called the
A. plantation      B. nursery
C. orchard          D. forest

47. Which of the following is an example of the storage insect pest?
A. Caterpillar       B. Grasshopper
C. Aphid              D. Weevil

48. The system of farming in which livestocks are kept to graze on grass and legume field, is known as
A. ranching
B. ley farming
C. pastoral farming
D. mixed farming

49. The biting and chewing insect pest, usually attack by
A. destroying the vegetative parts and seed of plant
B. sucking the juice or sap of plants
C. laying eggs in the grain cavity
D. stopping pollination

50. When the crop planted first is harvested last, the practice is known as
A. interplanting        B. intercropping
C. relay cropping      D. cash cropping

Answers to Question Number 41 – 50

41.C     42.B     43.A     44.D     45.A     46.C     47.D     48.C     49.A     50.C

Junior WAEC 2025 Questions and Answers Agricultural Science [Numbers 51 – 60]

51. The micro-organism which cause diseases to plants are called
A. photosynthesis     B. herbicides
C. pathogens             D. hydrogen

52. Which of the following definitions best describes the word “agriculture”?
A. Cultivation of land
B. Husbandry of crops for food
C. Husbandry of crops and animals for food and other uses
D. Collection of fruit

53. Which of the following is an example of an annual weed?
A. Spear grass     B. Amaranthus
C. Paw paw          D. Neem

54. The aggregates and lumps of soil particles is referred to as soil
A. profile         B. temperature
C. texture        D. structure

55. A house for the rabbit is known as
A. hutch          B. pen
C. home          D. building

56. The farm tool used for transplanting young seedlings is called
A. sickle         B. hoe
C. trowel        D. cutlass

57. The organic manure that is obtained from the decay of predominantly plant, is called
A. fertilizer
B. farm yard manure
C. compost
D. green manure

58. The early man discovered agriculture through
A. advice of the government
B. Trial and error
C. Research
D. Experiment

59. Newcastle disease is a viral disease of
A. poultry        B. Pig
C. Cattle          D. Goat

60. Which of the following vegetation favour timber growing best?
A. Rain forest belt
B. Guinea savanna and rain forest belt
C. Sahel savanna belt
D. Swamp forest and rain forest

Answers to Question Number 51 – 60

51.C     52.C     53.B     54.D     55.A     56.C     57.C     58.B     59.A     60.A

SECTION B- ESSAY

Answer all questions in this section.

Question 1
(a) Define:
(i) Subsistence Agriculture
(ii) Commercial Agriculture
(b) With five (5) points each, state the differences between subsistence and commercial agriculture.

Question 2
(a) Define the term: Forest.
(b) State seven (7) benefits derived from the forest resources.

Question 3
(a) What do you understand by crop pest?
(b) Give five (5) examples of non-insect pests.
(c) Mention eight (8) damages caused by insect pests.

Question 4
(a) Name six (6) by-products of fish.
(b) Give seven (7) reasons why farm animals are important to farmers.

Answers to Section B (Essay) Questions of Junior WAEC 2025 Agricultural Science

Question 1

(a) (i) Subsistence Agriculture:
Subsistence agriculture is a type of farming where farmers grow crops and rear animals primarily for their own consumption. The production is mainly for the farmer’s family, with little or no surplus for sale or trade.

(a) (ii) Commercial Agriculture:
Commercial agriculture refers to large-scale farming where crops and animals are produced for sale in the market. The goal is to generate profit, and production is usually oriented toward meeting the demands of the market, both locally and internationally.

(b) Differences between Subsistence and Commercial Agriculture:

Subsistence Agriculture	Commercial Agriculture
1. Focuses on producing food for personal consumption.	1. Focuses on producing crops and animals for sale in the market.
2. The scale of farming is usually small and labor-intensive.	2. The scale of farming is larger, often using modern machinery and technology.
3. Minimal use of modern technology and inputs.	3. Extensive use of modern technology, fertilizers, and pesticides.
4. Limited or no surplus for trade.	4. Surplus production is meant for sale or export.
5. Found mainly in developing countries.	5. Common in developed and industrialized countries.

Question 2

(a) Forest:
A forest is a large area of land covered predominantly with trees, plants, and wildlife. It plays a vital role in the environment by providing habitat, influencing weather patterns, and contributing to biodiversity.

(b) Seven Benefits Derived from Forest Resources:

1. Timber Production: Forests provide wood that is used for construction, furniture, and paper production.
2. Medicinal Resources: Many plants and herbs in forests are used to produce medicines and health supplements.
3. Biodiversity Conservation: Forests are home to diverse species of plants and animals, contributing to ecological balance.
4. Soil Protection: Forests help to prevent soil erosion by holding the soil together with tree roots.
5. Water Cycle Regulation: Forests play a critical role in maintaining the water cycle by absorbing and releasing water vapor.
6. Carbon Sequestration: Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, helping to mitigate climate change.
7. Fuelwood: Forests provide wood that is used as a source of fuel for cooking and heating, especially in rural areas.

Question 3

(a) Crop Pest:
A crop pest is any organism, such as insects, fungi, bacteria, viruses, or rodents, that damages crops by feeding on them, spreading diseases, or competing for resources. These pests reduce the quality and quantity of agricultural produce, leading to financial losses for farmers.

(b) Five Examples of Non-Insect Pests:

1. Rodents (e.g., rats and mice)
2. Weeds (e.g., grass and other unwanted plants)
3. Nematodes (e.g., root-knot nematodes)
4. Birds (e.g., crows and pigeons)
5. Fungi (e.g., mildew and rust)

(c) Eight Damages Caused by Insect Pests:

1. Defoliation: Insects like caterpillars and grasshoppers feed on leaves, reducing photosynthesis.
2. Fruit Damage: Insects like fruit flies can damage fruits, causing decay and rendering them unfit for sale.
3. Root Damage: Root-feeding insects like root maggots damage the roots, weakening the plant.
4. Transmission of Diseases: Insects such as aphids and whiteflies can spread plant viruses.
5. Reduced Yield: Pests feed on various plant parts, leading to reduced crop yield and quality.
6. Boring into Stems: Insects like borers create holes in plant stems, weakening them structurally.
7. Sap Removal: Insects such as aphids suck sap from plants, causing stunted growth and wilting.
8. Cotton Damage: Insects like boll weevils damage cotton plants, affecting the quality of the fiber.

Question 4

(a) Six By-products of Fish:

1. Fish Oil: Extracted from fish, used in cooking, cosmetics, and as a supplement.
2. Fish Meal: Made from fish waste, used as animal feed, particularly in aquaculture and livestock industries.
3. Fīsh Liver Oil: Rich in vitamins A and D, used in supplements.
4. Fish Bones: Can be used to produce fish bone meal, a source of calcium for animal feed.
5. Fīsh Scales: Used to make collagen and gelatin for cosmetic and pharmaceutical products.
6. Fish Skin: Can be processed into leather for use in fashion and accessories.

(b) Seven Reasons Why Farm Animals Are Important to Farmers:

1. Source of Food: Farm animals provide meat, milk, eggs, and other food products for the farmer’s family and for sale.
2. Manure for Fertilizer: Animal waste is a valuable organic fertilizer that improves soil fertility.
3. Source of Income: Farm animals are sold for profit, either directly (meat, milk) or indirectly (breeding).
4. Draft Power: In many rural areas, animals like oxen and horses are used for plowing and other farming tasks.
5. Leather and Wool: Animals like cattle and sheep provide materials for clothing and other products.
6. Pest Control: Some farm animals, like chickens, help control insect and rodent populations.
7. Cultural and Social Value: In many cultures, farm animals are an important part of the social and economic fabric, often used in ceremonial practices.

It’s a wrap!

If you need more clarification on Agricultural Science questions for Junior WAEC 2025, you can use the comments box below. We’ll be there to answer you asap.